This file constitutes revision 0 of the release notes for LS-DYNA version R13.0.0.
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The string REVISION 13 must appear in the LS-DYNA license file in order to run version R13. Please contact your LS-DYNA distributor or your Ansys sales representative if you have to have your license updated.
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Until such time the R13.0 User manual is posted at www.lstc.com/download/manuals, the DRAFT User Manual may be used as a temporary substitute. Note that there may be features mentioned in the DRAFT User manual which are not implemented for R13.0.0.
With this release, we have a new manual: Volume IV Multiscale for analyses that involve multiple scales. The solvers described in this manual are intended for including manufacturing results in structure analyses.
The remainder of this file provides a brief description of new features, enhancements, and bug fixes in version R13.0.0. Some of the bug fixes may have also been included in other recent releases.
The items are arranged by category in the sections New Features, Improvements and Enhancements, and Bug Fixes. Understand that in many cases, a particular item may pertain to more than one category. In the interest of brevity, each item is listed only once, under a single category.
*CONTROL_ACOUSTIC_SPECTRAL to request an acoustic spectral element analysis.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SSD_DIRECT to request a direct complex solution to steady state vibration.*BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING_SPECTRAL, *BOUND-ARY_ACOUSTIC_FREE_SURFACE, *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_IMPEDANCE_COMPLEX, *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_IMPEDANCE_MECHANICAL, *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_INTERFACE, *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_NON_REFLECTING, *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_PRESCRIBED_MOTION, and *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_PRESCRIBED_SPECTRAL*CONTROL_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING for altering defaults parameters for *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING_MISMATCH and *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING_SPECTRAL.*LOAD_ACOUSTIC_SOURCE for specifying loading sources for acoustic spectral analyses (*CONTROL_ACOUSTIC_SPECTRAL) and SSD analyses (*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SSD_DIRECT).*INTERFACE_ACOUSTIC to create an interface file of boundary motions that can be used by *BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_INTERFACE for weakly coupled acoustic fluid-structure interaction in SSD_DIRECT analyses.*DATABASE_ACEOUT and *DATABASE_HISTORY_ACOUSTIC to control the output for acoustic analyses.*ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_MOTION to expand the S-ALE mesh to cover and follow a Lagrangian structure.*ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_MOTION to constrain the S-ALE mesh expansion / contraction along one or more symmetry planes.1. Added feature invoked with *CONSTRAINED_SOIL_PILE that enables modeling of piled foundations in soil/structure interaction models. Applications include seismic engineering and staged construction modeling. See the R13 keyword manual for further details.
2. First experimental version to support solid element parts connected by *CONSTRAINED_SPR2.
*CONTROL_REFERENCE_CONFIGURATION.*DEFINE_DE_MESH_BEAM and *DEFINE_DE_MESH_SURFACE for coupling beam and shell structure elements to ICFD elements through DES shadow elements on the surface of the structure elements.*DEFINE_DE_BOND_OVERRIDE to support the modification of bond properties within a certain node set, part set or part.*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC. Cyclic or periodic boundary condition for parallel or rotational sectors*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL_ROTATE. Rotating solid wall boundary conditions*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_SLIDING. Sliding boundary condition for special cases involving the moving mesh FSI solver where the nodes move along a surface that maintains its shape, like the surface swept out by the motion of the outside surface of a piston*DUALCESE_EOS_REFPROP)*DUALCESE_EOS_COCHRAN_CHAN. Condensed-phase explosive EOS of type Cochran-Chan*DUALCESE_EOS_JWL. Condensed-phase explosive EOS of JWL-type*DUALCESE_EOS_STIFFENED_GAS. A stiffened gas type fluid EOS*DUALCESE_EOS_VAN_DER_WAALS_GENERALIZED. A generalized Van der Walls type of EOS*DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_IG. A reaction rate law for the Ignition and Growth model to describe the conversion of reactants to products in the modeling of a condensed-phase explosive*DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_IG_REDUCED. A reduced form reaction rate law for the Ignition and Growth model to describe the conversion of reactants to products in the modeling of a condensed-phase explosive*DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_P_DEPEND. An explicitly pressure-dependent reaction rate law for describing the conversion of reactants to products in the modeling of a condensed-phase explosive*DUALCESE_EOS_SET*DUALCESE_PART_MULTIPHASE*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_TWO-PHASE*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE_SET*DUALCESE_EOS_SET*DUALCESE_PART_MULTIPHASE*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_HYBRID*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID_SET*MESH (ICFD) mesher with boundary layer meshing. *MESH keywords are now available for use in creating *DUALCESE volume meshes.Our multiphase solver is based on a hybrid formulation, i.e., a mixture of multiphase formulation and augmented Euler formulation. It is designed for the numerical simulation of condensed-phase explosives. It can handle two miscible components, namely the reactant and the products of reaction, and one inert immiscible component, such as the confiner in the case of the rate-stick.
We also implemented a solver for one of the hybrid formulation re duced models, i.e., a two-phase model (a 5-equations model). In this model, only two immiscible materials can be included. Another reduced model, i.e., a fluid-mixture limiting case, will be implementedin the near future.
Notable features of this hybrid model include that it can provide the accurate recovery of the temperature field across all components, and also can sustain large density differences across material interfaces. It can accommodate realistic EOS and arbitrary (pressure or temperature based) reaction-rate laws.
The main applications of these multiphase solvers include the numerical simulation of condensed-phase commercial- and military-gradeexplosives. Of particular interest is the propagation of detonations incompliantly-confined charges (rate-stick-type problems) and the sensitization of commercial explosives by means of collapsing micro-balloons.
For example,
Note: Multiphase flow and structure interaction (FSI) capabilities will be added in the near future.
Keywords involved with these new multiphase solvers:
*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_HYBRID*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_TWO-PHASE*DUALCESE_EOS_COCHRAN_CHAN*DUALCESE_EOS_JWL*DUALCESE_EOS_STIFFENED_GAS*DUALCESE_EOS_VAN_DER_WAALS_GENERALIZED*DUALCESE_EOS_IDEAL_GAS*DUALCESE_EOS_SET*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID_SET*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE_SET*DUALCESE_PART_MULTIPHASE*DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_IG*DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_IG_REDUCED*DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_P_DEPENDSolver Characteristics:
Solver Main Features:
*SECTION_SOLID:
*EM_RANDLES_BATMAC) for nail penetration and localized short study*EM_RANDLES_EXOTHERMIC_REACTION to batmac (*EM_RANDLES_BATMAC)*EM_RANDLES_BATMAC)*EM_RANDLES_SOLID.*EM_RANDLES_BATMAC)*LOAD_HEAT_EXOTHERMIC_REACTION.*EM_CONTROL_CONTACT)*EM_CIRCUIT_SOURCE with inductive heating solver*EM_SOLVER_FEMBEM_MONOLITHIC) for simulations involving permanent magnets and ferromagnetic materials.*EM_PERMANENT_MAGNET to define a permanent magnet.*EM_EP_CELLMODEL_FITZHUGHNAGUMO, *EM_EP_CELLMODEL_FENTONKARMA, *EM_EP_CELLMODEL_TENTUSSCHER, and *EM_EP_CELLMODEL_DEFINEFUNCTION*ICFD_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_LEVELSET to prescribe the fluid height on a boundary.*ICFD_BOUNDARY_NAVIERSLIP to impose a Navier-slip boundary condition. It works like a regular free slip condition except we are calculating a shear term and adding it to the right-hand side (just like the turbulent law of the wall)*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FSI_FIXED to allow a solid surface to slide over a fluid surface without the fluid surface moving. This boundary condition is mostly useful for conjugate heat transfer applications.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLVER:
*IGA shell element formulations 5 and 6 (*SECTION_IGA_SHELL) that are analogous to shell element formulations 25 and 26 (*SECTION_SHELL).*IGA keyword family for isogeomatric analysis. This set of keywords sets up and controls the isogeometric-related capabilities of LS-DYNA. It is fully compatible with standard CAD. Connections are automatic through topology. It supports unstructured splines. It includes extensions for NURBS volumes. It supports boundary conditions, contacts, constraints, and connections (such as welds with HAZ, RBEs, bolts) on exact CAD geometry.*IGA_TIED_EDGE_TO_EDGE*IGA_INCLUDE_BEZIER.*IGA_SHELL and *ELEMENT_SHELL_NURBS_PATCH). The basis functions in the trimmed geometry have reduced support which can result in adverse numerical effects in both implicit and explicit.*IGA_TIED_EDGE_TO_EDGE.*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_SPOTWELD (SPR3) for IGA through interpolation elements. (SMP/MPP)*ELEMENT_SHELL/SOLID_NURBS_PATCH and *IGA_SHELL/SOLID.*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION.*IGA_POINT_UVW.*LOAD_PYRO_ACTUATOR to provide a simple way to simulate hood lift pyrotechnics.*MAT_295 (*MAT_ANISOTROPIC_HYPERELASTIC, included Martins et al. 2006 model for skeletal tissues for both explicit and implicit (ACTYPE = 5).*MAT_COHESIVE_GASKET (*MAT_326) for analyzing gaskets. It is used with cohesive elements. User defined loading/unloading determine the out-of-plane behavior, while the in-plane behavior is linear elastic.*MAT_263 / *MAT_LOU-YOON_ANISOTROPIC_PLASTICITY. This material is based on the anisotropic yield function proposed by Lou and Yoon, 2017. It includes an anisotropic form of the Drucker function. This material is more accurate in representing material anisotropy than the other general anisotropic models. It can be accurate when predicting earing during cup-drawing simulations. It is faster than *MAT_133. This material is supported for shell and solid elements.*MAT_T17 / *MAT_THERMAL_CHEMICAL_REACTION_ORTHOTROPIC:
*MAT_T06 and relies on the same input data.*MAT_249_CRASH. It is an anisotropic materialmodel for crashworthiness analyses of reinforced composite materials. The overall stress is found by adding the fiber and matrix stresses. The matrix is modeled with a relatively simple orthotropic elastic plastic formulation. The reinforcement is modeled with a hyperelastic constitutive model with up to three distinct fiber directions. It uses a phenomenological description of damage and failure based on tabular input data. Driving forces for damage and failure are fiber elogantion and reorientation.*MAT_ACOUSTIC_COMPLEX (*MAT_090_COMPLEX), *MAT_ACOUSTIC_DAMP (*MAT_090_DAMP), and *MAT_ACOUSTIC_POROUS_DB (*MAT_090_POROUS) for modeling acoustic fluids. See the materials user manual for details.*CONTROL_MPP_REBALANCE to control features associated with dynamic load balancing.*INCLUDE_MULTISCALE and *DEFINE_MULTISCALE to generalize *INCLUDE_MULTISCALE_SPOTWELD and *DEFINE_MULTISCALE_SPOTWELD for multiscale modeling applications. For instance, these keywords may be used to couple mesoscale solder joint models with a macro-scale printed-circut-board for IC reliability analysis.*RVE_ANALYSIS_FEM. It is intended for predicting nonlinear macroscopic constitutive behaviors based on 2D or 3D material microstructure. It works in the double precision versions for both SMP and MPP.*DATABASE_RVE to output RVE homogenization results to the rveout file*INCLUDE_COSIM for two-scale cosimulation. The two-scale co-simulation method allows for running two separate LS-DYNA MPP jobs simultaneously: one for large-scale and the other for meso-scale. Two jobs run at different time step sizes and synchronize automatically at every large scale time step.*ALE_STRUCTURED_FSI now can be controlled with the following *DATABASE keywords: *DATABASE_FSI, *DATABASE_FSI_SENSOR, *DATABASE_BINARY_FSIFOR, *DATABASE_SLEOUT*DATABASE_BINARY_D3MAX to output maximum stresses and strains during a transient analysis. These results may be output to d3part if OUTPUT = 2. A Butterworth low-pass filter may also be applied to the results (IFILT = 1).*SET_PERI_LAMINATE assembles the laminate and specifies the fiber angles for each lamina. Peridynamic parts require ELFORM = 48 on *SECTION_SOLID_PERI. The laminate must be meshed as 4-node surface elements. It is discretized by layers of these elements along the thickness direction. To represent material failure, adjacent elements cannot share nodes, meaning the total number of nodes is 4 times the total number of peridynamic laminate elements. *MAT_ELASTIC_SOLID_PERI specifies the transverse isotropic material properties for one lamina and failure parameters for the laminate.*SECTION_SOLID_SPG. MC-SPG uses a momentum consistent smoothing algorithm to stabilize SPG. Input field NMC for this keyword sets the damping coefficient for MC-SPG. Four spline functions specified with ISPLINE are available for MC-SPG: box-type cubic spline function (ISPLINE = 4), box-type WF3 function (ISPLINE = 5), elliptic-type spline function (ISPLINE = 14), and elliptic-type WF3 function (ISPLINE = 15). We also added two damage models specifically for MC-SPG. Setting IDAM = 11 specifies a pre-damage model for controlling the crack growth speed. ALPHA_B is used to control the crack growth speed. Alternatively, bond-based damage is available by setting IDAM = 13. In this case, shear strain and stretch are used to calculate the damage accumulation. The damage is then applied to the flow stress. This type of damage is useful for simulating shear bands in cutting simulations.*INTERFACE_SPG_1 and *INTERFACE_SPG_2.*SECTION_FPD. ISPG is a new generation incompressible Navier-Stokes CFD solver for the accurate and efficient simulation of solder reflowing in the electronics packaging process. This method can simulate complex solder reflow scenarios including solder pad, mask, copper trace, etc. It accurately and efficiently handles surface tension and wall adhesion. It can be coupled to the thermal and structure (implicit and explicit) solvers for both SMP and MPP. Applications of this coupling include large scale thermal-mechanical PCB and solder reflow analysis.*DEFINE_SPH_AMBIENT_DRAG.*DEFINE_SPH_MASSFLOW_PLANE to track mass of SPH particles going through a set of elements.*DEFINE_SPH_VICINITY_SENSOR to track mass of SPH particles coming in the vicinity of set of elements. Added capability to selectively trace them in LS-PrePost.*DATABASE_BINARY_ISPHFOR.*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_PERIODIC_SET to specify rotational periodic, reflective periodic, and sliding periodic boundary conditions for the thermal solver.*SECTION_SHELL_XFEM with ELFORM = 54).*MAT_240 can now be used to model the XFEM cohesive zone for ductile fracture.*SECTION_SHELL_XFEM).*SECTION_SHELL_XFEM).*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_ACOUSTIC_BEM:
*BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_MAPPING to map the user provided velocity history file (RESTRT = 3 on *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_ACOUSTIC_BEM) to the BEM mesh. The mesh in the history file may be different from the BEM mesh. This also works in MPP.*DATABASE_FREQUENCY_BINARY_D3ACC) for MPP.*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_ACOUSTIC_FRINGE_PLOT_SPHERE to create complete, half or quarter sphere mesh.*BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_MAPPING so that when a BEM node overlaps with a structural node, no interpolation is needed and the nodal velocity is just copied for the BEM acoustic computation.*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_ACOUSTIC_FEM,
*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_PATH for modal acoustics.*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_MODE for modal acoustics.*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RESPONSE_SPECTRUM,
*DATABASE_FREQUENCY_BINARY_D3SPCM).*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_SSD,
*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_SSD_DIRECT)*USER_INTERFACE_FRICTION support h-adaptivity (MPP), meaning if *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE with ADPTYP = 1 or 2 is used, then history variables uhnew of subroutine usrfrc are transferred correctly from the old to new mesh in each adaptive refinement step.*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE)
*PART) now only accepts TET initial meshes*DEFINE_BOX_ADAPTIVE).*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE. The mesh refinement happens closer to the curved region. Improvement to adaptivity algorithm associated with *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE_CURVE. More elements than necessary were being refined.*AIRBAG_PARTICLE
*AIRBAG_PARTICLE. This option calculates the thrust force for an external vent and gives a better reaction force on the structure*DEFINE_CPM_VENT so that the part pressure of specified parts (PID1 and PID2) can be used to evaluate the flow rate through internal vents without requiring a chamber definition. It has also been enhanced to be used for external vents for both the with chamber and without chamber cases.*ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_TRIM in 2D. It previously only worked in 3D.*ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_TRIM and *ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_VOLUME_FILLING, created new algorithm for determining if a point lies inside or outside of a structure. The new logic works well for handling structures with narrow spaces between them or with narrow openings (like car doors).*ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_CONTROL_POINTS to optionally select from two special methods of automatically setting up the mesh spacing.*CONTROL_EXPLOSIVE_SHADOW_SET for SALE to achieve better accuracy and much shorter run time.*ALE_STRUCTURED_MULTI-MATERIAL_GROUP for a more user-friendly way to set up ALE fluids in a S-ALE model. 3D and 2D are both supported.*ALE_STRUCTURED_VOLUME_FILLING, if specifying how to fill the mesh with GEOM = PART or PARTSET, the part/part set of the Lagrangian structure can now be meshed with thick shell or solid elements (shell in 2D). Previously only shell element parts were supported. All the volume occupied by these parts will be filled with the assigned fluid.*EOS_MURNAGHAN supported for *ALE_AMBIENT_HYDROSTATIC and *INITIAL_HYDROSTATIC_ALE.*ALE_STRUCTURED_FSI works in 2D. It previously only worked in 3D.*ALE_STRUCTURED_FSI to ensure a more stable FSI with less leakage, especially for explosion simulations. These improvements include
*ALE_STRUCTURED_FSI, added variable friction coefficient as a function of contact pressure and relative velocity (see field FRIC).*DATABASE_FSI supports structure segments from thick shell parts.*BOUNDARY_AMBIENT AMBTYP = 5 (*LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED receptor), we’ve made the following enhancements:
*LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED for better accuracy*EOS_TABULATED_COMPACTION when used with ALE/S-ALE.*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING when used with ALE/S-ALE to prevent artificial influx from outside.*INITIAL_VOLUME_FRACTION_GEOMETRY to fill ALE elements with the material of a solid part in 3D (or shell part in 2D). The boundaries of the part specify the geometry of the container to be filled. The material in the part can optionally fill this container. This feature is useful for setting up an ALE model with a complex dummy structure that outlines a volume of ALE elements to fill.*INITIAL_ALE_MAPPING to shift the initial time of the current run from the map file. The current run usually starts at t = 0.*INITIAL_ALE_MAPPING during the last cycle. If a sensor switch defined by *TERMINATOR_SENSOR reaches a critical condition, the run is about to be terminated. Under these conditions, LS-DYNA will output the mapping file as well.*ALE_MESH_INTERFACE now generates a mapping file that can be used in a 2nd run to initialize a Lagrangian (not ALE) tetrahedral model. *INITIAL_LAG_MAPPING reads this file and maps data from the last cycle of the ALE run to the Lagrangian tetrahedra.*CONTROL_ALE for Structured ALE.*CONSTRAINED_LAGRANGE_IN_SOLID to constrain ALE materials and structures to move together in the structure normal direction. This version, unlike the previous version, is supported in MPP.*DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION can be used instead of *DEFINE_CURVE to compute the mesh velocities in *ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_CURVE.*SECTION_ALE1D, single point constraints are automatically applied to the nodes on the beam mesh ends if EBC > 0 on *CONTROL_ALE. These constraints are the same as applying *BOUNDARY_SPC_NODE to the ends.For the current updates, the 1D electrochemistry (EC) and its coupled thermal and mechanical (ECTM) solvers can be summarized as follows:
*BATTERY_ECHEM_THERMAL keyword card. The data then written by the 1D EC solver to this ascii file has the format of time in the first column, and heat flux in the second column. The thermal solver can then simulate the battery thermal effects to test if the thermal solver is working correctly when the heat flux from the battery is input to it. Please refer to the thermal solver manual pages for a detailed description of the source term input.The keywords influenced by the current updates and improvements are:
*BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ANODE*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_CATHODE*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ELECTROLYTE*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_THERMAL*BOUNDARY_CYCLIC to set the electric voltage of node set NSID1 equal to the voltage of node set NSID2 for piezoelectric materials.*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING.*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_TRAJECTORY.*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_TRAJECTORY.*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING in *BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING_2D to activate dialatational and shear waves, respectively.*BOUNDARY_SPC_SYMMETRY_PLANE_SET:
*BOUNDARY_SPC_SYMMETRY_PLANE to support thick shells.*CESE_DATABASE_… output when running CESE cavitation problems, and warn the user about this limitation.*CHEMISTRY with *CESE.*CONSTRAINED_LOCAL.*CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_GLOBAL.*CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET to constrain the electric potential of the piezoelectric material.*CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODY_STOPPERS is supported in implicit by way of Lagrangian Multipliers and inequality constraints.*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_SPOTWELD (SPR3) to binout / swforc output.*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_SPOTWELD (SPR3):
*CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE now supports damage values from *MAT_107 and *MAT_110 to be used as the failure variable for EPPF.*CONSTRAINED_BEAM_IN_SOLID now supports 3D r-adaptivity (ADPTYP = 7 on *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE).*CONSTRAINED_BEAM/SHELL_IN_SOLID during dynamic relaxation.*CONSTRAINED_BEAM/SHELL_IN_SOLID are the PENALTY versions in the d3hsp file.*CONTACT_OPTION to scale the computed volume of tet elements for the mass calculation in SOFT = 2 contact. Better agreement is achieved with TETFAC between 3 and 5 when contact forces are compared between hex and tet meshes. This input field is supported for 4-node and 10-node tets.*CONTROL_CONTACT to work with solid elements and solid element assembly spot welds.*CONTACT_OPTION) for segment-to-segment (SOFT = 2) con tact. This option uses tapered segments around spot welds when SPOTHIN on *CONTROL_CONTACT is used to thin segment at spot welds. The segment thickness tapers from full thickness to the reduced thickness at nodes shared with thinned segments.*DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID_AUTOMATIC to work with segment-to-segment (SOFT = 2) contact.*CONTACT to work with a contact birth time. Also, modified how friction parameters are used in segment-to-segment (SOFT = 2) contact when *PART_CONTACT is used. If a segment pair in contact has nonzero friction parameters from only one of the segments, the nonzero friction parameters will be used for the pair. If friction parameters are defined for both parts, then the average is used. Previously, the average was used without checking values, so zero values could be used in the average causing the coulomb coefficient to be half of the expected value.*DEFINE_FRICTION.*DEFINE_FRICTION_SCALING in segment-to-segment (SOFT = 2) contact so that it averages the friction coefficients only if nonzero scale factors are defined for both segments of a pair. Previously, a scale factor of 1.0 was assumed for undefined scale factors, and an average was done including that 1.0. Now only the defined scale factor is used.*DEFINE_FRICTION_SCALING option to be used with orthotropic friction options when using segment-to-segment (SOFT = 2) contact.*CONTACT_OPTION to work with MPP contact when SOFT = 0 or 1.*LOAD_SEGMENT_CONTACT_MASK with segment-to-segment (SOFT = 2) contact. This works with any supported contact keyword in all versions, SMP, MPP and HYBRID.*ELEMENT_SHELL_SOURCE_SINK when used with segment-to-segment (SOFT = 2) contact.*CONTACT_GUIDED_CABLE to dictate how far beyond the end of a cable element a sliding node must pass before it starts contacting the next cable element. The default, which is 0.002 times the cable element length, normally works fine. But if one or more of the cable elements is especially long, the transition can cause noise. In that case specifying the tolerance manually using ENDTOL may be desirable.*CONTACT_..._MORTAR):
*CONTACT_2D_..._MORTAR):
*CONTACT_DRAWBEAD_BENDING. This keyword option invokes a new contact algorithm for drawbeads that includes a weakening effect on the blank as it travels through the beads. It also stretches the blank as it goes through the beads.*CONTROL_PZELECTRIC:*CONTROL_TIMESTEP Allow time step factor TSSFAC on *CONTROL_TIMESTEP to be a time-dependent curve.*CONTROL_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION and *DEFINE_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION_PART, added staged construction for thick shell ELFORM = 3 and 5. Previously, the staged construction keywords had no effect on these elements. Also, the manual did not state that *DEFINE_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION was applicable to thick shells; this has been corrected.*CONTROL_PORE_FLUID added for thick shell elements.*CONTROL_SHELL to define a part set for which the stresses from *INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL are with respect to the local coordinate system.*CONTROL_CONSTRAINED for setting constraint related properties. Currently it only sets the behavior of the initialization check for SPR2/SPR3.*CONTROL_MAT to potentially issue an error if only unmodified user material subroutines are called.*CONTROL_SHELL: *MAT_120, *MAT_187, *MAT_224, *MAT_225, and *MAT_251.*CONTROL_ENERGY. Currently this feature is supported material models *MAT_003, *MAT_004, *MAT_015, *MAT_019, *MAT_024, *MAT_063, *MAT_081, *MAT_082, *MAT_098, *MAT_104, *MAT_105, *MAT_106, *MAT_107, *MAT_123, *MAT_124, *MAT_188, *MAT_224, *MAT_225, *MAT_240, and *MAT_251 for shell and solid elements. Setting MATEN = 2 causes the detailed material energies to be computed. For this calculation, the internal energy is split into the elastic, plastic, and damage portions. They are computed and reported as mat_energy_elastic , mat_energy_plastic , and mat_energy_damage in glstat and matsum .*CONTROL_SOLID for *MAT_169. This is automatic deletion if neighboring elements fail. It is alread available for cohesive elements but is now also available for this material.*CONTROL_DISCRETE_ELEMENT (default = 20)*DEFINE_DE_DRAG_FLOW).*DEFINE_DE_TO_SURFACE_COUPLING to collect coupling forces from different active coupling interfaces.*DEFINE_DE_ACTIVE_REGION).*ELEMENT_DISCRETE_SPHERE*DEFINE_DE_INJECTION. The composition of the particles (radius and mass percentage) can be specified by setting IMULTI > 1.*CONTROL_DISCRETE_ELEMENT to skip the particle to particle interaction computation.*DEFINE_DE_TO_SURFACE_TIED to determine the maximum gap between the DES and master surface.*DEFINE_DE_INJECT_BONDED, optimized the DES bond injection model to increase the injection mass capacity with the same injection plane.*DUALCESE_EOS_IDEAL_GAS).*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_FSI card that is the reference pressure. This permits one-sided FSI calculations.*DUALCESE_CONTROL_MESH_MOV).*DUALCESE_INITIAL*DUALCESE_INITIAL_SET*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID_SET*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE_SET*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_HYBRID*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_TWO-PHASE*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN*ELEMENT_BEAM_SOURCE to allow resultant beam elements (*SECTION_BEAM, ELFORM=2) with bending resistance to be pulled out of a beam source. This feature is supported for *MAT_ELASTIC and *MAT_RESULTANT_PLASTICITY.*ELEMENT_BEAM_SOURCE. All beam elements inside the source still go on one processor, but the others that are initially outside are equally distributed now.*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_PRETENSIONER for type 4, 6 and 7 pretensioners.*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_SLIPRING added the output of slipring friction coefficient, normal force, swap angle, skew angle and attached belt force to SBTOUT.*SECTION_SHELL, increased mass scaling factor for stability.*ELEMENT_BEAM to be used with form 9 spotweld beam. It was not available before.*ELEMENT_DIRECT_MATRIX_INPUT:
*PART_COMPOSITE. This can be defined via an irregular optional Card 2 (OPTCARD).*SECTION_SOLID can be used to place the relative location of cohesive interface between shells. It is only relevant for ELFORM = 20/22.*SECTION_SOLID, ELFORM=19/20) to detect inverted elements in the first cycle.*SECTION_SHELL with first new parameter THKSCL. This allows the scaling of shell element thickness for all elements in the corresponding section at once.*SECTION_SOLID_EFG) now supports usermat when using EFG solid formulation 42.*DEFINE_FUNCTION in *EM_RANDLES_SHORT.*EM_MAT_002 to allow EOS to be a function of temperature for the permeability*EM_CONTROL so you can choose the period for calculating the average Joule heat rate for the induced heating solver.*FATIGUE_{OPTION}, extended strain based fatigue (STRSN = 1) to MPP (solid elements).*FATIGUE_D3PLOT for MPP.*INTERFACE_SPRINGBACK_SEAMLESS upon termination.*DEFINE_CURVE_TRIM_2D. If the distance between the element and the curve is greater than DEPTH – 1, than the element is not trimmed. In this way, we can prevent the trimming through to the opposite side of the part.*ELEMENT_LANCING):*CONTROL_FORMING_MAXID. When I2DYNAIN = 1, *CONTROL_FORMING_MAXID is output to a dyanin file with the new maximum node and elements IDs. This feature simplifies post-processing for multi-step forming processes by ensuring that the new element and node IDs generated in subsequent steps are bigger than those in previous steps.*CONTROL_FORMING_HOME_GAP to calculate the minimum gap between the upper and lower tools. If the gap is smaller than the blank thickness, then problems can occur during forming simulations.*INITIAL_STRAIN_SHELL/SOLID after trimming. This will not affect the simulations after trimming.*INCLUDE_STAMPED_PART which significantly sped it up.*DEFINE_BOX_NODES_ADAPTIVE so that tube adaptivity can be applied to part sets, not just parts (set PID < 0). This extensions is usefule for simulating the forming of tailor welded blanks.*CONTROL_FORMING_REMOVE_ADAPTIVE_CONSTRAINTS is used to remove the adaptive constraint by refining the master element with triangle elements. However, the newly generated elements do not have forming history information. Per customer request, we have added the history information to the newly generated elements.*MAT_036 is supported for the one-step method (*CONTROL_FORMING_ONESTEP). Note that the stress-strain is only allowed to be specified with a curve (HR = 3).*CONTROL_FORMING_PROJECTION so that the blank nodes move in the tool normal direction when there is initial penetration. This feature was developed for contact between a guide pin and blank.*CONTROL_FORMING_AUTOPOSITION_PARAMETER which ensures that the calculated distance to reposition will always be a positive value.*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE_CURVE: This keyword is used to refine the elements along the trimming curve. When nodal temperature is included, the newly added nodes do have an initial temperature which can cause problems for subsequent calculations. With this fix, the newly added nodes have the average temperature of their constraining nodes.*ICFD_CONTROL_MESH to select the automatic volumer mesher version. Version 14 is the default, but version 16 is also available.*ICFD_CONTROL_MESH_MOV. This method is useful for avoiding large distortion in rotating problems that involve large discrepancies in mesh sizes (typically in cases involving boundary layer mesh).*ICFD_INITIAL_LEVELSET. Also, multiple definition of *ICFD_INITIAL_LEVELSET is allowed as kibg as the different shapes generated do not intersect.*ICFD_BOUNDARY_FSWAVE.*ICFD_CONTROL_EMBEDSHELL to control the fluid escape through triple points.*ICFD_CONTROL_FSI to perform two-way coupling in which the forces weakly couple (no sub-stepping) with the implicit mechanical solver*ICFD_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_TURBULENCE to prescribe local roughness height and roughness constant*ICFD_CONTROL_TIME, so you can set a thermal timestep that is larger than the one used for the velocity/-pressure solve.*ICFD_CONTROL_TIME to specify whether boundary layer elements should be included in the automatic time step calculation.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLVER:
*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_EIGENVALUE:
*PART_MODES to work in single precision.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_INERTIA_RELIEF. These contacts are now enabled.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODAL_DYNAMICS when reading the modes from d3eigv.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLUTION:
*MAT_SAMP_LIGHT currently being the only one).*INITIAL_VELOCITY_GENERATION to work for solid element forms 24, 25, 26, and 61. Previously, only the first 8 nodes had velocities initialized.*INITIAL_STRESS_SECTION:
*DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_SET could not be used.*INITIAL_HISTORY_NODE(_SET). So far ELFORMs -2, -1, 1, 2, 10, and 13 are supported.*CONTROL_PARALLEL) in SMP for IGA thick shells specified with *ELEMENT_SHELL_NURBS_PATCH.*DEFINE_STOCHASTIC_VARIATION is supported for isogeometric analysis with shell elements in combination with some material models that allow the STOCHASTIC option (*MAT_015, *MAT_024, *MAT_081 and *MAT_123).*MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_GISSMO_STOCHASTIC is supported for isogeometric analysis with shell elements.*MAT_122 (*MAT_HILL_3R) and *MAT_122_TABULATED (*MAT_HILL_3R_TABULATED) are supported for isogeometric analysis with shell elements.*MAT_030 with IGA shells and solids.*MAT_SAMP-1 and *MAT_SAMP_LIGHT (*MAT_187/*MAT_187L) with IGA shells*LOAD_SEGMENT_FILE*LOAD_SEISMIC_SSI_DECONV for deconvolved earthquake input in soil-structure interaction and site-response analysis.*LOAD_SEISMIC_SSI_AUX read gmbin files created by *INTERFACE_SSI_AUX or *INTERFACE_SSI_AUX_EMBEDDED in a previous run. This allows multiple gmbin files to be used in the same run. Previously this was done as part of *INTERFACE_SSI, but that approach is now deprecated.*LOAD_EXPANSION_PRESSURE to apply a uniform pressure to a section of chamber that may change in size due to a moving edge. It works in both SMP and MPP.*MAT_ADD_COHESIVE now supports hyperelastic foam materials *MAT_057 and *MAT_083.*MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_DIEM:
*MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_GISSMO.*DEFINE_HAZ_PROPERTIES. It is necessary to use *MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_GISSMO_STOCHASTIC to make it work.*MAT_ADD_EROSION so that it works correctly with failure criteria in *MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_DIEM/GISSMO and *MAT_ADD_EROSION itself. Before it only worked with failure in materials, such as FAIL in *MAT_024.*MAT_ADD_GENERALIZED_DAMAGE:
*MAT_ADD_INELASTICITY include
*MAT_ADD_PZELECTRIC:
*SECTION_SOLID) and 10-node tetrahedron elements (ELFORM = 16 in *SECTION_SOLID).*MAT_ADD_SOC_EXPANSION by specifying LCIDY, MULTY, LCIDZ and MULTZ similar to *MAT_ADD_THERMAL_EXPANSION.*MAT_015 with VP = 1: strain ratedependent term based on Couque (2014).*MAT_024:
*DEFINE_TABLE_XD/COMPACT up to a level of 9, meaning yield stress can be a function of plastic strain, strain rate, and up to seven history variables. If *MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_DIEM is used together with *MAT_024 with VP = 3, then P1 of *MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_DIEM also supports a table up to level 9.*MAT_030 / *MAT_SHAPE_MEMORY:
*MAT_034 (FORM = 14, -14, and 24).*MAT_036 as a potential weld partner material for PRUL=2/3 of *DEFINE_CONNECTION_PROPERTIES.*MAT_USER_DEFINED_MATERIAL_MODELS with SPH particles.*MAT_064 with VP = 0 for solid elements.*MAT_068:
*MAT_SPOTWELD (*MAT_100) causes the failure calculate to use average forces and moments on the opposite weld faces for the failure calculation. This makes the welds invariant in terms of how the weld elements are numbered. This works for single brick welds and solid weld assemblies.*MAT_100 and *MAT_100_DA. In addition to setting the transverse shear stresses to zero (E < 0), the transverse shear strain increments get zeroed as well. This can reduce occasional instabilities.*MAT_100_DA,improved the material tangent in the plastic regime to yield better convergence in implicit analysis.*MAT_JOHNSON_COOK/*MAT_110 for shells.*MAT_112/*MAT_FINITE_ELASTIC_STRAIN_PLASTICITY, implemented material tangent stiffness for solid elements.*MAT_122_3D/*MAT_HILL_3R_3D, updated plasticity algorithm to increase implicit stability.*MAT_123 (VP = 1) for shell and solid elements. Nonzero LCEMOD activates this model. This viscoelastic approach is adopted from *MAT_187.*MAT_124. This enables strain rate filtering using an exponential moving average. Works for LCSRC or LCSRT being nonzero and SRFLAG = 0 or 1.*MAT_MODIFIED_HONEYCOMB/*MAT_126 with solid element types 0 and 9 to work with *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE.*MAT_138 as element size dependent curves.MAT_DAMAGE_3 / *MAT_153:
*MAT_154 / *MAT_DESHPANDE_FLECK_FOAM when using DERFI = 0 for the iteration of the equivalent stress.*MAT_SIMPLIFIED_RUBBER/FOAM/*MAT_181 for solid formulation 13, tetrahedron with nodal pressure.*MAT_187 to increase accuracy of results if LCEMOD > 0.*MAT_SAMP_1 and *MAT_SAMP_LIGHT for the implicit solver.*MAT_SAMP_LIGHT (*MAT_187L) to choose type of effective strain rate calculation.*MAT_SAMP_LIGHT to better deal with highly nonlinear inputs, such as sharp curves and logarithmic strain rate interpolation.*MAT_199 / *MAT_BARLAT_YLD2004, added possibility to have Young modulus and yield stress as functions of plastic strain and temperature.*MAT_BOLT_BEAM, added feature (see input parameter HOLSHR) to enable modeling of a shear deformation mode in which the bolt shank tears through the plates. After the clearance gap has been closed, further shear deformation would enlarge the hole in the plates rather than deform the bolt itself. The force-deformation relation of this mechanism is still governed by LCSHR, but the deformation (i.e. enlargement of the hole) is tracked separately in each of four principal directions. Thus, enlargement of the hole in the positive Y direction has no effect on the position of the edge of the hole in the negative Y direction.*MAT_224_GYS with the one in *MAT_224, e.g., NUMINT = -200 should prevent element erosion at all.*MAT_224_GYS:
*MAT_224.*MAT_226 can be a function of plastic strain.*MAT_240 to include connection partner properties. With FUNCTIONS, the following parameters can/must be defined as *DEFINE_FUNCTION IDs: EMOD, GMOD, G1C_0, T0, FG1, G2C_0, S0, and FG2 (and GMOD3, G3C_0, R0, and FG3 if keyword option 3MODES is also used). The arguments of these functions include thicknesses and maximum yield stresses of both weld partners (from tied contact) as well as the strain rate and element area. A similar capability is already available for *MAT_169.*MAT_240. Parameter INICRT can now be given as negative value, invoking a flexible exponent in the yield and damage initiation criteria.*MAT_240: maximum strain value.*MAT_242 can now be functions of effective plastic strain.*MAT_249 to allow initialization of fiber directions element-wise with *INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL.*MAT_251 in implicit analysis for solid and shell elements.*MAT_251 as potential weld partner material for PRUL=2/3 of *DEFINE_CONNECTION_PROPERTIES. Therefore use values from constant inputs PHASE1 and PHASE2 to find the associated curve in a *DEFINE_TABLE_3D or *DEFINE_TABLE_4D.*MAT_254:
*MAT_GLASS (*MAT_280). It is invoked by FT < 0, with curve ID |FT| specifying tensile strength vs. strain rate.*MAT_280 with ENGCRT and RADCRT. If used together with *MAT_ADD_EROSION (where these criteria are also available), *MAT_280 only wins if those parameters are nonzero.*MAT_295 / *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_HYPERELASTIC, improved initial effective moduli computation used for both stable time step estimates as well as hourglass control.*MAT_295/*MAT_ANISOTROPIC_HYPERELASTIC:
*MAT_SEATBELT,improved the robustness of the 2D belt for FORM >= 2.*MAT_T02, *MAT_T04, *MAT_T08, *MAT_T11-15, *MAT_T17):
*MAT_T08 and *MAT_T10, heat generation, specific heat, and thermal conductivity (TGRLC, LCC, LCKi) can be load curves or tables depending on mechanical history variables.*CONTROL_SOLUTION invokes a keep-in-memory treatment of material history variables, thus avoiding the overhead of copying to/from local buffers. This may result in a significant reduction in simulation time, depending on how much this gathering/scattering of data takes in relation to the rest of the computations. The best result is seen when fast materials, like *MAT_024, is used together with gissmo/diem. This option works only for a selection of materials and elements; consult manual for details. Open-MP threading (ncpu > 1 or ncpu < -1) is not supported.*DEFINE_CURVE_STRESS allows you to change the number of output stress pairs based on the value from LCINT of *CONTROL_SOLUTION.*DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTIONs that reference nodal quantities*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_REDECOMPOSITION):
*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_REDECOMPOSITION to allow for performing the redecomposition only once and then keep the job running with the adjusted decomposition*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_REDECOMPOSITION (input field WEIGHT) to estimate element cost based on element in contact and stress state to achieve better load balancing.*SECTION_BEAM) in the macroscale model of the multiscale spot weld. Previously only spot weld beams (ELFORM = 9) were supported.*DATABASE_RECOVER_NODE:
*CONTROL_THERMAL_FORMING.*DATABASE_SECFORC for Butterworth filtering to smooth the forces. This is similar to the filter for *DATABASE_NCFORC_FILTER.*DATABASE_BINARY_D3PART to output element data for certain elements to d3part . Fields 1-4 of the optional card specify the set IDs of the solid elements, beam elements, shell elements, and thick shell elements for which the data will be output. This option will work in addition to PSETID defined in Card 1.*LOAD_ERODING_PART_SET to nodfor output.*SECTION_ALE1D.*DATABASE_ALE_OPERATION to output user-defined ALE values from existing ALE data that can be fringed in d3plot and/or output in a history .xy file.*DEFINE_MATERIAL_HISTORIES
*CONTROL_TIMESTEP in small restart.*SENSOR_CONTROL:
*CONSTRAINED_LOCAL.*SENSOR_DEFINE_OPTION so that you can define how often a sensor will be updated.*SENSOR_DEFINE_FORCE for measuring the magnitude of force and moment, respectively.*SENSOR_SWITCH_CALCLOGIC.*SECTION_SOLID_SPG to control the surface particles quadrature fraction. This is used to overcome shear locking in thin structures.*MAT_005, *MAT_014, *MAT_059, *MAT_124, and *MAT_193.*CONSTRAINED_IMMERSED_IN_SPG to make setup easier*CONTROL_SPH_INCOMPRESSIBLE).*DEFINE_BOX_SPH to add a dummy shell for visualization in LSPP.*CONTROL_THERMAL_SOLVER to the explicit SPH thermal calculation.*DEFINE_SPH_MESH_BOX keyword definitions.*CONTROL_SPH) supported in MPP.*CONTROL_SPH. It shifts particles slightly across streamlines to reduce particle clustering in the maximum compression and stretching directions.*CONTROL_THERMAL_FORMING:
*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE, *CONTACT_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE, *CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE and *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE. Previously only forming contacts were supported.*USER_INTERFACE_CONDUCTIVITY for contact pairs without the THERMAL_FRICTION extension with *CONTROL_THERMAL_FORMING by setting FORMULA < 0.*CONTROL_THERMAL_SOLVER, performance improvement in SMP of the GMRES solver for conjugate heat transfer (SOLVER = 17).*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_RSW and *LOAD_THERMAL_RSW. If load curve ID in the input is negative, the scaling operation acts on the difference between default and prescribed values in order to ensure a smooth temperature evolution in the weld nugget and heat affected zone.*LOAD_THERMAL_BINOUT enhancements for handling multiple LSDA temperature files:
*DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION to output the reactive charge of piezoelectric materials.*PARAMETER to be used as part of a larger string.*USER_NONLOCAL_SEARCH, check same material model is used within the part set for averaged and surrounding elements.*DEFINE_PRESSURE_TUBE:
*DEFINE_QUASAR_COUPLING:
*DEFINE_DRIFT_REMOVE for MPP.*DEFINE_HAZ_TAILOR_WELDED_BLANK, to allow load curves, ISW and IFW, from Card 2 of *DEFINE_HAZ_PROPERTIES to either increase monotonically (IMONFLAG = 0) or arbitrarily (IMONFLAG = 1).*RAIL_TRAIN:
*DEFINE_TABLE_COMPACT. It allows a more compact notation of 2D-, 3D-, 4D-, … tables. Everything takes place in the keyword reader, where a *DEFINE_TABLE_{X }D is created internally.*USER_LOADING interface to support thick shell elements.*COSIM_FMI_CONTROL):
*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_ACOUSTIC_BEM:
*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_FRF with pressure load (VAD1 = 4).*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RANDOM_VIBRATION
*DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY are not zero.*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RESPONSE_SPECTRUM, fixed a bug in combining ground motion with structural relative motion, when the load is defined by time history (LCTYP = 10,11,12).*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_SSD with pressure load (VAD = 1) when the normal direction of the surface elements is not in x, y, or z axis direction.*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE). Previously, the voids were remeshed with the elements. With this fix, the voids remain as voids and are not remeshed with the elements.*RIGIDWALL_GEOMETRIC_FLAT_MOTION_ID_DISPLAY with adaptivity.*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE (ADPTYP = 7) and *CONTROL_REMESHING when used with cases. The bug caused edges and corners to be lost during r-adaptivity after the first case.*CONTROL_ADAPTIVE). It was incorrect when using interactive adaptivity IAT = 3 (*CONTROL_REMESHING) in implicit analysis.*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_SET_BOX) when 3D r-adaptivity (ADPTYP = 7 on *CONTROL_ADAPTIVE) is enabled. The results are incorrect when the region in the box is adapted.*AIRBAG_PARTICLE):
*AIRBAG_PARTICLE input that occurred when the ID associated with *DEFINE_CPM_GAS_PROPERTIES is at least 9 digits longs.*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING_2D is used with S-ALE. The bug caused errors when the geometry was a ring. It also caused errors in MPP.*ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_TRIM, *ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_VOLUME_FILLING, and *ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH_MOTION in Windows for issues leading to crashes.*ALE_STRUCTURED_FSI:
*ALE_STRUCTURED_MESH to the mapping file. This file is read by *INITIAL_ALE_MAPPING.*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING which might cause a failure in locating a segment belonging to a 10-node tetrahedron element.*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING in implicit.*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_SET_BOX, fixed an MPP bug that happens when the node set is part of a rigid body.*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_TRAJECTORY:
*CONTROL_SHELL.*CESE_DATABASE_POINTOUT for the 2D case where the user sets some z-coordinates to be nonzero. This practice is not recommended since it can lead to other problems, especially for FSI cases. Also, please note that *CESE_DATABASE_POINTOUT ignores the *CESE_EOS cards, making the assumption that the EOS is a perfect gas EOS with gamma = 1.4.*CESE moving mesh solvers, correct the nodal connectivity for the edge/prism element case.*CHEMISTRY with *CESE.*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_GLOBAL.*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_TRANSLATIONAL. When such a joint is activated with a sensor and JNTF = 2 in *CONTROL_RIGID, you can have a scenario where lower (called negative in the manual) stop displacements are positive, or upper (called positive in the manual) stop displacements are negative. The logic in the force calculation did not cover this scenario correctly.*CONSTRAINED_SHELL/SOLID_IN_SOLID in the MPP version that was causing LS-DYNA to crash.*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY that occurs when using *INITIAL_VELOCITY_GENERATION with NX = -999. The rotation axis was incorrect.*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION that was leading to a core dump.*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_SPOTWELD (SPR3) with huge number of associated nodes. A memory issue was likely to occur, if more than 200 nodes were found in the domain of influence of the upper or lower shell element parts.*CONSTRAINED_BEAM_IN_SOLID and *CONSTRAINED_SHELL_IN_SOLID: coupling between beams/shells and thick shell elements did not work correctly in the MPP version.*CONSTRAINED_BEAM_IN_SOLID instantiations with 3D adaptivity did not work correctly.*CONTACT_DRAWBEAD which was mixing up the node order along the drawbead if the nodes as input were not in increasing number order.*PART_CONTACT. This issue could result in some nodes not being tied that should be.*CONTACT_SINGLE_SURFACE in MPP when performing bucket sort even those not from segments.*CONTACT_BEAM_TO_SURFACE in MPP*CONTACT_DRAWBEAD, which had an overly restrictive bucket sort and so could miss some of the ramp up force a drawbead should create. Also fix incorrect handling of viscous damping for this contact.*CONTACT_TIED_SHELL_EDGE_TO_SURFACE_BEAM_OFFSET which could cause instabilities when these contacts have a nonzero birth time.*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE and *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_..._TO_SURFACE.*TERMINATION_CONTACT to make it work when used with THRES > 0 or DOF = 2 or 3. Some data was scrambled causing wrong behavior.AUTOMATIC_GENERAL, SURFACE_TO_SURFACE, NODES_TO_SURFACE, and ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE. Forces were sometimes being assigned to the wrong interfaces or to nonexistent interfaces, in which case a memory error could have caused a segmentation fault.*CONTACT_2D_FORCE_TRANSDUDCER) that have both a slave and master surface defined.*CONTROL_CONTACT, shell thickness updates are active, and either OPTT > 0 *PART_CONTACT or OPTT = 0 and SFT = 0 on *PART_CONTACT and either SST > 0 or MST > 0 on *CONTACT.*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_GENERAL in SMP missed the contact between beams generated with *ELEMENT_BEAM_SOURCE.*CONTACT_OPTION. Setting this field to 1 causes an incremental update of the contact normal. Incremental updates were added to prevent spurious stresses that occur even with no loading when using *CONTACT_TIEBREAK_NODES_TO_SURFACE.*CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE to be ineffective after dynamic relaxation when death time is set to – 9999.*DEFINE_BOX_LOCAL and the master box (MBOXID) is defined with a *DEFINE_BOX as specified on Card 1 of *CONTACT_OPTION.*CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_ONE_WAY_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE and *CONTACT_AUTOMATIC_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE and running with SMP.*CONTACT_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE in SMP. LS-DYNA was performing one-way contact instead of two-way contact. As a result, the contact force was half of what it should be.*CONTACT_TIED_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE when using implicit in MPP. Before the resultant forces were being reported as zeroes for this contact type.*CONTACT_TIEBREAK_NODES_TO_SURFACE_ID is not supported for implicit computations.*CONTROL_PZELECTRIC.*CONTROL_TIMESTEP, when solid type 48 (*SECTION_SOLID_PERI) is used in the presence of the keyword *INITIAL_FOAM_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY.*CONTROL_OUTPUT and only wrote the corner nodes of the elements to d3plot for the connectivity. Now it accepts the setting of TET10S8, so the full connectivity can be written to the d3eigv database.*CONTROL_STAGED_CONSTRUCTION). The scaling down had been erroneously omitted for the hourglass forces pertaining to the element types and hourglass settings mentioned above.*CONTROL_PORE_FLUID:
*CONTROL_PORE_FLUID, the output to d3plot was wrong. The pore pressure variables could be written to the wrong position in the file, resulting in stresses or other extra history variables being overwritten with pore pressure, and the extra history variables that were expected to contain pore pressure data instead contained zero. The bug apparently occurred only with small simple models and did not seem to affect large complex models.*BOUNDARY_PORE_FLUID to set the analysis type to time-dependent consolidation (ATYPE = 3) for at least 100 time steps before switching to ATYPE = 4.*CONTROL_PORE_FLUID):
*BOUNDARY_PORE_FLUID), the suction limit pressure then spread along the tied contact in a non-physical way.*DEFINE_DE_TO_SURFACE_COUPLING)*DEFINE_DE_ACTIVE_REGION.*ELEMENT_BEAM_THICKNESS. The local coordinate ID specified by PARM3 was ignored by the discrete beam material models *MAT_069, *MAT_070, *MAT_071, *MAT_074, *MAT_094, *MAT_197, *MAT_205 and *MAT_208. The global coordinate system was used instead.*ELEMENT_SEATBELT_RETRACTOR).*USER_NONLOCAL_SEARCH:
*SECTION_BEAM, ELFORM = 14) when the inside pressure is zero. The bug could cause a wrong result.*ELEMENT_MASS_PART and *CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES. The mass contributions from *ELEMENT_MASS_PART were not added to the merged rigid bodies from *CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES.*ELEMENT_SHELL_COMPOSITE if *MAT_ADD_THERMAL_EXPANSION is present in the input.*ELEMENT_DIRECT_MATRIX_INPUT).*PART_STACKED_ELEMENTS: memory overwrite. Models could fail with Error 10183 (KEY+183), part … not defined, even if that part did not exist at all.*INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL for shell type 55.*INITIAL_FOAM_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY, fix an SMP bug that occurs when NCPU > 1.*INITIAL_STRESS_SETION could cause a segmentation fault.*INITIAL_AXIAL_FORCE_BEAM with beam element 1 (H-L beam). Available since R12.0, this feature could have lead to various side effects, such as severe beam deformations.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_BUCKLING).*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLUTION). Prior to the bug fix, the statistics were additive, meaning the statistics for the new time step were added to the ones from the previous time step. Now the statistics are reset at the beginning of the new time step, so they just reflect the current time step.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_EIGENVALUE:
*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODES in MPP when nodes involved were shared across processors.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODES in MPP for the case where a constraint mode is also a shared node.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_DYNAMICS and *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_AUTO with the options DYN or SPR enabled. Before if the curve IDs did not match the input order (such as an ID of 97125 for the curve input, then LS-DYNA would give an error. This is not how curves are normally processed. Now they are being processed like all other curves in LS-DYNA were the curve ID and order of input are independent.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_GENERAL, adjust logic of when last intermittent eigenvalue computation is performed during an explicit simulation if the last one is performed near the termination time. For instance, if the termination time is 10.00 and the explicit time step is 0.01, then the explicit calculation terminates between 9.99 and 10.00. Therefore, if you wanted an eigenvalue computation performed at 10.00, it would not happen because the calculation would have already terminated. This change causes the intermittent eigenvalue computation to occur before the termination time.*INTERFACE) may be shared by multiple processes. We fixed a bug in implicit where we were double counting the interface forces for the shared nodes.*CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODAL_DYNAMICS was still trying to read the nonexistent data for rotational dofs and became lost. This revision corrects that oversight.*PART_COMPOSITE or *INTEGRATION_SHELL was not used to define an integration rule.*MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_GISSMO with LCSDG < 0 to avoid incorrect element deletion (only SMP/Hybrid with ncpu > 1).*MAT_ADD_DAMAGE_GISSMO and *MAT_ADD_GENERALIZED_DAMAGE in full deck restart. Element size for LCREGD and FADEXP < 0 was re-computed after restart, but it should not.*MAT_ADD_GENERALIZED_DAMAGE with long = s. The long input format was not working with this keyword before.*MAT_ADD_PZELECTRIC:
*MAT_ADD_THERMAL_EXPANSION for implicit.*MAT_NONLOCAL when used with eroding elements. The smoothing calculation was using uninitialized data due to a failure to set initial values for the eroded elements prior to smoothing. This error could be subtle or cause an error termination.*Mat_026, *Mat_126, or *Mat_201 with thick shell elements when AOPT = 2 or 3. The material directions were being miscalculated causing wrong stress.*MAT_MOONEY-RIVLIN_RUBBER / *MAT_027 with *INITIAL_FOAM_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY and running with single precision version.*MAT_030 / *MAT_SHAPE_MEMORY
*MAT_053 extrapolate load curve for von Mises stress as a function of negative volumetric strain using the first 2 points of the load curve if the volumetric strain is less than the first point of the curve. This fix prevents an error termination.*MAT_LAMINATED_COMPOSITE_FABRIC (*MAT_058):
*MAT_076 with temperature shift. Initial temperature in an uncoupled analysis is not always zero (such as coming from *LOAD_THERMAL).*MAT_077 / *MAT_181 with VFLAG = 1 and *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM. Normalized shear relaxation moduli Gi (unitless) should not be converted.*MAT_FU_CHANG_FOAM / *MAT_083 on initial time step size.*MAT_WINFRITH_REINFORCEMENT / *MAT_084_REINF: Reinforcement when defined with specific groups of elements (Card 1a) did not work in MPP. It would error terminate.*MAT_100 (*MAT_SPOTWELD) for OPT = 0/-1 when using *DEFINE_CURVEs for defining force/moment resultants as a function of the effective strain rate, by setting NRR, NRS, NRT, MRR, MSS, MTT as negative values.*MAT_SPOTWELD_DAMAGE-FAILURE. Prior to this fix an earlier and wrong damage evolution could have happened. This is for beam elements only.*MAT_106 for shell elements. In a structural-only analysis, the old temperature should be set to the initial temperature, e.g. from *LOAD_THERMAL_LOAD_CURVE.*MAT_110 / *MAT_JOHNSON_HOLMQUIST_CERAMICS that occurs when you input phel = 0 in the data cards.*MAT_JOHNSON_HOLMQUIST_CONCRETE / *MAT_111, bug fix in the erosion criteria.*MAT_157_IHIS / *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_ELASTIC_PLASTIC:
*MAT_172:
*MAT_172 affects only the output history variables, not the deformations or stresses. The constants in the equations have been corrected to match ACI 318-05M equations 11-4 and 11-8. Before this change, any axial compressive stress would have caused the reported shear capacity to be greater than required by 11-4. Furthermore, minor corrections have been made to other terms to match the metric edition of ACI 318 – previously the constants had been converted from imperial units with a greater level of precision than in ACI 318-05M.*MAT_196 to avoid error termination.*MAT_BOLT_BEAM that existed in R12 but not earlier versions such as R11. The combination of LCSHR being a *DEFINE_TABLE with AXSHFL = 0 did not work correctly, i.e. the shear force plastic limit would not be the one expected based on LCSHR and the current shear deformation.*MAT_224_GYS work correctly, which was not the case before.*MAT_CAZACU_BARLAT / *MAT_233, removed a redundant term in the hardening modulus calculation when the material hardening is temperature and strain rate sensitive.*MAT_255/*MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTIC_THERMAL:
*MAT_258: repair visco-plasticity, use correct thickness of shell type 16, and eliminate potential dependence on ncpu.*MAT_LAMINATED_FRACTURE_DAIMLER_PINHO (*MAT_261):
*MAT_264 / *MAT_TABULATED_JOHNSON_COOK_ORTHO_PLASTICITY which gives incorrect results when running with adaptivity.*MAT_274 where shell thickness strain was not updated properly.*MAT_295 / *MAT_ANISOTROPIC_HYPERELASTIC:
*MAT_SEATBELT:
*MAT_SPH_VISCOUS:
*MAT_SPH_VISCOUS for the user defined viscosity to make this option work properly.*INTEGRATION_SHELL or *PART_COMPOSITE.*AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY.*TERMINATION_DELETED_SOLIDS, which wasn’t terminating properly in MPP.*PART_AVERAGED, and prevent execution of related code on processors that have none of these beams (MPP only)*TERMINATION_BODY, which was never properly implemented in MPP.*CONSTRAINED_SHELL_TO_SOLID which in rare cases, depending on the specific decomposition, could have generated NaNs during initialization when scaling the node rotations for stability.*DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION. Specifically, if the built-in function PIDCTL was used, along with MPP predecomposition, the behavior was unpredictable.*CONTROL_MPP_DECOMPOSITION_REDECOMPOSITION, fix full deck restart with deleted rigidwall.*INCLUDE_MULTISCALE_SPOTWELD.*DATABASE_BINARY_D3THDT. This issue resulted in corrupted d3thdt files.*DATABASE_CURVOUT. It was previously only outputting an ASCII format even if an LSDA format was requested.*MAT_WOOD.*SECTION_SHELL, ELFORM = 18) the moments are now correctly written to the cross section output generated by *DATABASE_SECFORC. Before, incorrect values were reported.*DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY option when PSET on *DATABASE_BINARY_D3PLOT option is also used. This issue was corrupting the d3plot file.*DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY for thermal only calculations.*DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION:
*DATABASE_RECOVER_NODE:
*CONTROL_OUTPUT is > 0 and SBTOUT (seat belt output with *DATABASE_SBTOUT) is not requested.*ELEMENT_SHELL_COMPOSITE. This affects MPP only.*DATABASE_EXTENT_D3PART and STRFLG = 0 in *DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY. Previously, the strains were not being output to d3part .*INITIAL_INTERNAL_DOF_SOLID_TYPE3 output to the dynain file. It caused negative volume when used to initialize stresses in solid types 3 and 4.*DATABASE_RCFORC_MOMENT). This bug only affects post-processing, not the analysis itself.*DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY and *DEFINE_MATERIAL_HISTORIES. Prior to this fix the output of stresses might not have been properly transformed into the material frame. This only affects the post-processing and not the analysis itself.*DATABASE_DISBOUT output files.*LOAD_SEGMENT_FILE. It was reading the incorrect family file.*INTERFACE_LINKING file on processor 0 in MPP.*DEFINE_SPH_TO_SPH_COUPLING with full deck restart.*LOAD_SEISMIC_SSI, *INTERFACE_SSI, and *LOAD_SPCFORC.*CONTACT_TIEBREAK_SURFACE_TO_SURFACE.*SENSOR related to tied contacts, which should have converted them to GROUPABLE but was only working correctly for the first contact in the model.*SENSOR_CONTROL:
*AIRBAG_HYBRID.*SENSOR_DEFINE_MISC.*SENSOR_DEFINE_FORCE that might result in a seg fault.*SENSOR_DEFINE_FORCE with TYPE = JOINTSTIF.*SENSOR_DEFINE_ELEMENT with TYPE=STRAIN that occurs when STRFLG of *DATABASE_EXTENT_BINARY is 0.*SENSOR_DEFINE_FORCE with nonzero CRD and long=s. Error in structured read happened (STR+211) with MPP and np > 1.*DEFINE_ADAPTIVE_SOLID_TO_SPH now that we allow up to 8 particles per direction, per element. It was not working correctly if there were more than 5 particles per direction.*DEFINE_ADAPTIVE_SOLID_TO_SPH with tet elements. The parametric coordinates were incorrect, so particles were created in wrong locations.*CONTROL_THERMAL_SOLVER, fixed incorrect output in MPP.*DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION is used in thermal calculations.*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_OPTION1_VF_READ is used.*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_SET.*LOAD_THERMAL_LOAD_CURVE is used with adaptivity.*LOAD_THERMAL_D3PLOT is not specified in the command line, and LS-DYNA will exit gracefully.*LOAD_THERMAL to work for beam nodes when nodal releases are defined at those nodes. The thermal loading was incorrect.*SECTION_SHELL_XFEM) so it works when applied to plasticity materials.*INTERFACE_COMPONENT_FILE into the structured file. With this change, if we convert keyword input to structured input and run from the structured input,*PARAMETER$ PRMR1 VAL1 PRMR2 VAL2RuPLscXXa1 &R1uPllSARuPLscXXt1 0.0*DEFINE_FUNCTIONs in the initialization phase (structured input) such that all of these are before *DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTIONs. This prevents a *DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION that reference a *DEFINE_FUNCTION from being before the *DEFINE_FUNCTION.*USER_INTERFACE_FRICTION.*SET_NODE_GENERAL in models containing *NODE_TRANSFORM.*SET_SEGMENT_GENERAL, which could have resulted in incorrect values being applied for the DA1-DA4 parameters, or possibly a segfault during input processing.*INTERFACE_LINKING that could lead to segmentation faults.*PARAMETER) in a comma-delimited input. It did not conform to the usual commadelimited input conventions.*PARAMETER that occurs if there is no space between a symbol and a value like in Listing 1.*DEFINE_CURVE_FUNCTION:
*INCLUDE_NASTRAN.*DEFINE_PRESSURE_TUBE:
*MODULE Fixed bug in argument lists for user subroutines when using *MODULE. Before this fix, some user subroutines ( umatc, usrshl, usrsld, usrfrc, usrtie, usrtbrk, usr_nunonl, mortar_*, rebar_* , loadsetud ) may not have worked correctly.*NODE_TRANSFORM when used with spot weld assembly generation. Spot weld elements were getting distorted.*DEFINE_TABLE_2D/3D are contained in a different include files after the include file that contains the *DEFINE_TABLE_2D/3D statement.*INTEGRATION_BEAM with *INCLUDE_TRANSFORM.*DEFORMABLE_TO_RIGID_AUTOMATIC when CODE = 4 and OFFSET > 0.0. Offset was not working correctly.*SET_OPTION_COLLECT, fixed a bug in which the code stops with an error message when the first set of this kind is empty.*SET_NODE, *SET_SOLID, *SECTION_SOLID, *INITIAL_STRESS_SHELL, and *AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY. Time spent in keyword reading phase is reduced.*DEFINE_HEX_SPOTWELD_ASSEMBLY). Up to now, this error or warning (depending on SPOTSTP from *CONTROL_CONTACT) was only issued for single spot weld solids.